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《Nature》发表侯先光研究团队关于节肢动物��h��的最新研�I�成�?/h1>
发布旉��Q?014-07-17 ��览�ơ数�Q?script>_showDynClicks("wbnews", 1367982545, 1534)

7�?span lang="EN-US">17日，云南大学—�?/span>云南省古生物研究重点实验室侯先光教授、丛培允博士、马晓娅博士与美国、英国的�U�学家合作，在�?/span>Nature》杂志在�U�发表了题�ؓ�?/span>Brain structure resolves the segmental affinity of anomalocardid appendages”的最新成果，首次揭示了澄江动物化石群中的奇虾脑神�l�结构特征，为研�I�节肢动物�v源及其头部分节的演化提供了神�l�解剖学证据。侯先光教授��文通讯作者，丛培允博士�ؓ论文�W�一作者�?br />

�?/span>-1 寒武�U�早期澄江生物群中的奇虾Lyrarapax unquispinus

奇虾是寒�?/span>�U?/span>生命大爆发时期最引�h瞩目�?/span>�?/span>物，�?/span>�?/span>可达2�c�뀂因�?/span>部最前端有一对强壮的大爪肢，�?/span>�?/span>被认为是寒武�U?/span>��h��中食�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>��捕食者�?/span>相关研究表明�Q�奇�?/span>能�ؓ解决�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>物�v源、复�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�p?/span>�l?/span>��h��{�重大科�?/span>问题提供�?/span>键线索�?/span>�?/span>澄江动物化石��中�Q?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�U?/span>�c?/span>丰富�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>本保存完好，��h��很高的科学研�I��h�?/span>�?/span>

�?/span>-2 保存有头部脑��经�l�构的奇�?/span>Lyrarapax unquispinus

此次�Q?/span>侯先光教授研�I�团队对澄江动物化石��中�?/span>�?/span>的一个新物种Lyrarapax unquispinus�Q�刺�?/span>里拉虫，因其外�Ş与古希腊的里拉琴�怼�而命名）�q?/span>行了较全面的研究�Q�揭�C�Z��?/span>�U?/span>�?/span>虾脑部神�l�结�?/span>�?/span>特征。�?/span>�q�显�?/span>镜观察和SEM-EDX�?/span>描，研究人员发现�?/span>L. unquispinus的前�?/span>�Q?/span>protocerebrum�Q�与视觉��?/span>�l?/span>�p?/span>�l?/span>�?/span>�q?/span>�Q�之�?/span>�q?/span>存在一�?/span>巨大的神�l�节�Q�用来控制奇�?/span>�Ҏ��的大爪肢�?/span>�q?/span>�U?/span>�?/span>部神�l?/span>�p?/span>�l�结构特征与�?/span>生有�?/span>�c?/span>�Q�天鹅绒虫）�怼��?/span>而在真节�?/span>�?/span>物中�Q�昆虫�?/span>�?/span>、蟹、蜈蚣�?/span>马陆、蜘蛛、蝎子等�Q�，�?/span>�?/span>部第一�?/span>附肢的神�l�节都源于中�?/span>�Q?/span>deutocerebrum�Q�。这�?/span>�?/span>明了�?/span>�?/span>的大爪肢与有�?/span>�?/span>物的触角是同源的�?br />

�?/span>-3 Lyrarapax unquispinus�Q�右�Q�与有爪现生�c�（左）的头部神�l�结构比较（蓝色区域�Q?/span>

�?/span>育学的研�I?/span>�q?/span>�?/span>�C�，在真�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>物胚�?/span>�?/span>育初期，上唇�Q�一个位于口前的构造，通常位于后脑�Q?/span>tritocerebrum�Q�的位置�Q�的原始�l?/span>�?/span>位于�?/span>部最前方�Q�且在肌肉、神�l?/span>和基因表辄��斚w��?/span>�?/span>��Z��p�d��附肢的特征，其后随着胚胎�?/span>�?/span>育�?/span>渐�{�U�d��口的前方�?/span>研究人员�Ҏ��奇虾�?/span>�?/span>��?/span>�l�结构以及真�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�q?/span>一胚胎�?/span>育特性推断，奇虾的大爪肢与真�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>物的上唇是同源的�?/span>�q?/span>一发现支持真节�?/span>�?/span>物�v源于叶��?/span>物的�?/span>�?/span>�Q?/span>�l�结了科学界关于�?/span>�?/span>大爪肢同源性的�?/span>�?/span>�Q�否定了�?/span>�?/span>是螯�?/span>�?/span>物祖�?/span>�c?/span>��的�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>

�?/span>-4奇虾大爪肢（��色�Q�及其神�l�节�Q��Ԍ��演化�C�意图；a 奇虾�Q?/span>b 推测的中间演化类型；c 现生甲壳动物

鉴于奇虾大爪肢和�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>物上唇之�?/span>巨大的�Ş�?/span>学差异，研究人员�q?/span>一�?/span>提出�Q�在从奇�?/span>向真�?/span>�?/span>�?/span>物的演化�q?/span>�E�中�Q?/span>应该存在一些演化上�?/span>�q?/span>�?/span>�c?/span>型�?/span>

本研�I�得��C��国家自然�U�学基金�Q?/span>U1302232, 41372031, 40962001�Q�的�?/span>助�?/span>

云南省古生物研究重点实验�?span lang="DE"> �U�学技术处供稿

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